直流調速器是一種電機調速裝置，包括電機直流調速器,脈寬直流調速器,可控硅直流調速器等.一般為模塊式直流電機調速器，集電源、控制、驅動電路于一體，采用立體結構布局，控制電路采用微功耗元件，用光電耦合器實現電流、電壓的隔離變換，電路的比例常數、積分常數和微分常數用PID適配器調整。該調速器體積小、重量輕，可單獨使用也可直接安裝在直流電機上構成一體化直流調速電機，可具有調速器所應有的 功能。

　　直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)調(diao)(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)就是調(diao)(diao)(diao)節(jie)直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)速(su)(su)度的(de)設備，上端和交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源連接，下(xia)端和直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)連接，直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)調(diao)(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)將(jiang)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)轉(zhuan)化成兩路(lu)輸(shu)(shu)出直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，一(yi)路(lu)輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)給(gei) 直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)礪磁(定子(zi)(zi))，一(yi)路(lu)輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)給(gei)直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樞(轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi))，直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)調(diao)(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)通過控(kong)制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樞直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓來(lai)調(diao)(diao)(diao)節(jie)直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)轉(zhuan)速(su)(su)。同時直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)給(gei)調(diao)(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)一(yi)個反(fan)饋電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，調(diao)(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)根據反(fan)饋電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)來(lai)判(pan)斷直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)的(de)轉(zhuan)速(su)(su)情(qing)況， 時修正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樞電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓輸(shu)(shu)出，以(yi)此來(lai)再次調(diao)(diao)(diao)節(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)的(de)轉(zhuan)速(su)(su)。

　　直流調速器的(de)特(te)點和使用(yong)場合：

　　1需要(yao)較寬的調速范圍。

　　2 需要較快的動態(tai)響應過程(cheng)。

　　3 加、減速時(shi)需要自動(dong)平滑的過(guo)渡過(guo)程(cheng)

　　4 需要低速(su)運轉時力矩大(da)。

　　5 需(xu)要較好的挖土機特性，能夠將過載電(dian)流(liu)自動(dong)限止(zhi)在設定電(dian)流(liu)上 6 需(xu)要緊急停車狀態，以(yi)上六點也(ye)是(shi)直流(liu)調速器(qi)的應用特點。